為了保證裝飾涂（鍍）層與鐵藝制品表面有良好的結(jié)合力，必須在涂（鍍）實施之前，對鐵藝制品表面的氧化皮、焊渣、銹痕、油脂、臟物、水份進(jìn)行盡可能的，否則易造成涂（鍍）層起泡、開裂、起層及剝落等現(xiàn)象。所謂的予處理就是指用機械或者化學(xué)、電化學(xué)等工藝方法來鐵藝制品涂（鍍）前的表面缺陷。

In order to ensure good adhesion between the decorative coating (plating) layer and the surface of wrought iron products, it is necessary to remove the oxide scale, welding slag, rust marks, grease, dirt, and moisture on the surface of wrought iron products as much as possible before the coating (plating) is implemented. Otherwise, it is easy to cause phenomena such as blistering, cracking, delamination, and peeling of the coating (plating) layer. The so-called pre-treatment refers to the use of mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and other process methods to eliminate surface defects of iron products before coating (plating).

1、去銹、氧化皮焊渣的主要方法有手工處理、機械處理、噴射處理、化學(xué)處理（酸洗）、電化學(xué)處理和火焰處理等方法。

1. The main methods for removing rust and oxide scale welding slag include manual treatment, mechanical treatment, spray treatment, chemical treatment (acid washing), electrochemical treatment, and flame treatment.

手工處理主要使用砂布，刮刀，錘鑿、鋼絲刷、廢砂輪等工具，靠手工打磨敲鏟、掃刷來除去銹垢、氧化皮及焊渣，塵土等表面污物。

Manual processing mainly uses tools such as sandpaper, scraper, hammer chisel, wire brush, and waste grinding wheel to remove surface dirt such as rust, oxide scale, welding slag, dust, etc. by manually grinding, tapping, and sweeping.

機械處理常用的有風(fēng)（電）動刷，除銹槍，拋光砂輪及風(fēng)（電）鏟等工具，借助機械力的高頻沖擊與磨擦的作用除銹和氧化皮舊漆等污物。

The most commonly used tools for mechanical processing include wind (electric) brushes, rust removal guns, polishing grinding wheels, and wind (electric) shovels, which use the high-frequency impact and friction of mechanical force to remove rust and dirt such as oxide skin and old paint.

噴射處理是利用機械離心、壓縮空氣、高壓水流等為動力，將磨料、砂石、鋼丸拋射到鐵藝制品的表面，沖擊和磨擦掉氧化皮、銹痕、舊漆、型砂等。

Jet processing is the use of mechanical centrifugation, compressed air, high-pressure water flow, and other power sources to eject abrasives, sand, and steel balls onto the surface of wrought iron products, impacting and rubbing off oxide scales, rust marks, old paint, molding sand, etc.

化學(xué)處理是利用特殊配方的酸性溶液來浸、溶鐵藝制品，通過化學(xué)反應(yīng)來除凈氧化皮、銹痕、油污，即所謂的“酸洗”。

Chemical treatment is the use of a specially formulated acidic solution to soak and dissolve iron products, and to remove oxide scale, rust marks, and oil stains through chemical reactions, known as "acid washing".

2、除油對于鐵藝制品來講，一般可采用有機溶液，堿液，電化學(xué)等方法，目前市面所售的各種金屬清洗劑也較適用。

2. For iron products, oil removal can generally be achieved through methods such as organic solutions, alkaline solutions, electrochemistry, etc. Various metal cleaning agents currently available on the market are also suitable.